Python-docx操作指南：从入门到精通

安装 python-docx 库

确保 Python 环境已配置，通过 pip 安装 python-docx：

pip install python-docx

创建新文档

使用 Document() 初始化一个空白文档对象，保存时指定 .docx 后缀：

from docx import Document
doc = Document()
doc.save("new_document.docx")

打开现有文档

通过文件路径加载已有文档，支持相对路径或绝对路径：

doc = Document("existing_document.docx")

检查文档属性

获取文档核心信息，如段落数量、章节标题等：

print(f"段落数: {len(doc.paragraphs)}")
print(f"第一节标题: {doc.sections[0].header.text}")

保存文档副本

使用 save() 方法另存为新文件，避免覆盖原文件：

doc.save("backup_document.docx")

处理文档异常

捕获文件操作中的常见错误，如权限不足或路径错误：

try:
    doc = Document("nonexistent.docx")
except FileNotFoundError:
    print("文件不存在或路径错误")

批量处理文档

结合 os 模块实现批量文件操作示例：

import os
for filename in os.listdir("docs_folder"):
    if filename.endswith(".docx"):
        doc = Document(os.path.join("docs_folder", filename))
        # 添加统一页脚
        doc.sections[0].footer.text = "机密文件"
        doc.save(f"modified_{filename}")

兼容性注意事项

python-docx 仅支持 .docx 格式（Office 2007+），旧版 .doc 需另行转换工具处理。

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