React18记账本实战：路由配置全解析

React18 路由案例：记账本实现指南

路由配置与基础框架搭建

使用 react-router-dom v6 配置路由结构，在 main.jsx 或 App.jsx 中初始化路由：

import { createBrowserRouter, RouterProvider } from 'react-router-dom';
const router = createBrowserRouter([
  { path: '/', element: <Home /> },
  { path: '/detail', element: <Detail /> },
  { path: '/edit', element: <EditRecord /> }
]);
function App() {
  return <RouterProvider router={router} />;
}

页面组件设计与布局

创建记账本核心页面组件：

Home.jsx 显示账单列表和统计摘要
Detail.jsx 展示单笔账单详情
EditRecord.jsx 处理新增/编辑账单的表单

// Home.jsx 示例结构
const Home = () => {
  const [records, setRecords] = useState([]);
  return (
    <div className="app-container">
      <MonthFilter />
      <BillSummary />
      <RecordList records={records} />
      <FloatButton link="/edit" />
    </div>
  );
};

路由跳转与参数传递

实现带参数的路由跳转：

// 跳转到编辑页并传递ID
<Link to={`/edit?id=${record.id}`}>编辑</Link>

// 在编辑组件获取参数
import { useSearchParams } from 'react-router-dom';
const [searchParams] = useSearchParams();
const recordId = searchParams.get('id');

数据管理方案

推荐使用 Context API + useReducer 管理全局状态：

// RecordContext.js
export const RecordContext = createContext();
export function RecordProvider({children}) {
  const [state, dispatch] = useReducer(reducer, initialState);
  return (
    <RecordContext.Provider value={{state, dispatch}}>
      {children}
    </RecordContext.Provider>
  );
}

表单处理与验证

实现带验证的账单表单：

const EditRecord = () => {
  const { dispatch } = useContext(RecordContext);
  const formik = useFormik({
    initialValues: { amount: '', category: 'food' },
    validationSchema: Yup.object({
      amount: Yup.number().required().positive()
    }),
    onSubmit: values => {
      dispatch({ type: 'ADD_RECORD', payload: values });
    }
  });
  return <form onSubmit={formik.handleSubmit}>{/* 表单字段 */}</form>;
};

响应式布局优化

使用 CSS Grid 实现多设备适配：

.record-list {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(300px, 1fr));
  gap: 1rem;
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .app-container {
    padding: 0 10px;
  }
}

性能优化技巧

实现路由懒加载和 Suspense：

const EditRecord = lazy(() => import('./EditRecord'));
const router = createBrowserRouter([
  {
    path: '/edit',
    element: (
      <Suspense fallback={<Loading />}>
        <EditRecord />
      </Suspense>
    )
  }
]);

完整功能扩展建议

增加本地存储持久化

useEffect(() => {
  localStorage.setItem('records', JSON.stringify(state.records));
}, [state.records]);

添加账单分类筛选功能

const filteredRecords = records.filter(
  record => selectedCategory === 'all' 
    || record.category === selectedCategory
);

集成图表库实现数据可视化

import { PieChart } from 'recharts';
<PieChart data={categoryData}>
  <Pie dataKey="value" data={data} />
</PieChart>

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