题解 | #自动售货系统#

# 定义售货系统类
class Store():
    # 初始化必要的属性
    def __init__(self):
        # 初始化默认值
        # 商品
        self.products = {
            'A1':{
                'name':'A1',
                'price':2,
                'count':0,
            },
            'A2':{
                'name':'A2',
                'price':3,
                'count':0,
            },
            'A3':{
                'name':'A3',
                'price':4,
                'count':0,
            },
            'A4':{
                'name':'A4',
                'price':5,
                'count':0,
            },
            'A5':{
                'name':'A5',
                'price':8,
                'count':0,
            },
            'A6':{
                'name':'A6',
                'price':6,
                'count':0,
            },
        }
        # 系统钱盒
        self.money_box = {
            '1元':{
                'price':1,
                'count':0
            },
            '2元':{
                'price':2,
                'count':0
            },
            '5元':{
                'price':5,
                'count':0
            },
            '10元':{
                'price':10,
                'count':0
            }
        }
    
        # 余额
        self.coin = 0

    # 系统初始化命令处理函数
    def init(self, cmd):
        products,money = cmd.split(' ')
        pro_pos = list(self.products)
        money_pos = list(self.money_box)
        # 初始化商品信息
        for index,item in enumerate(products.split('-')):
            self.products[pro_pos[index]]['count'] = int(item)
        # 初始化钱盒信息
        for index,item in enumerate(money.split('-')):
            self.money_box[money_pos[index]]['count'] = int(item)
        print("S001:Initialization is successful")
     
    # 投币处理函数 cmd = '1'
    def add_coins(self, cmd):
        cmd  = cmd + '元'
        if cmd not in list(self.money_box):
            print("E002:Denomination error")
            return
        if cmd in list(self.money_box)[2:]:
                cur_min_money_price = self.money_box['1元']['count'] + self.money_box['2元']['price']*self.money_box['2元']['count']
                if cur_min_money_price < self.money_box[cmd]['price']:
                    print("E003:Change is not enough, pay fail")
                    return
        if self.check_is_product_empty():
            print("E005:All the goods sold out")
        else:
            self.money_box[cmd]['count'] +=1
            self.coin +=self.money_box[cmd]['price']
            print("S002:Pay success,balance={}".format(self.coin))
    
    # 购买
    def buy(self, cmd):
        if cmd not in list(self.products):
            print("E006:Goods does not exist")
        elif self.products[cmd]['count'] == 0:
            print("E007:The goods sold out")
        elif self.coin < self.products[cmd]['price']:
            print("E008:Lack of balance")
        else:
            self.coin -= self.products[cmd]['price']
            self.products[cmd]['count'] -=1
            print("S003:Buy success,balance={}".format(self.coin))
    
    # 退币
    def coin_out(self):
        if self.coin ==0:
            print("E009:Work failure")
        else:
            total = []
            while self.coin>=self.money_box['10元']['price']:
                if self.money_box['10元']['count'] >0:
                    self.coin -= 10
                    self.money_box['10元']['count'] -=1
                    total.append('10元')
                else:
                    break
            while self.money_box['5元']['price'] <= self.coin:
                if self.money_box['5元']['count'] >0:
                    self.coin -= 5
                    self.money_box['5元']['count'] -=1
                    total.append('5元')
                else:
                    break
            while self.money_box['2元']['price'] <= self.coin:
                if self.money_box['2元']['count'] >0:
                    self.coin -= 2
                    self.money_box['2元']['count'] -=1
                    total.append('2元')
                else:
                    break
            while self.money_box['1元']['price'] <= self.coin:
                if self.money_box['1元']['count'] >0:
                    self.coin -= 1
                    self.money_box['1元']['count'] -=1
                    total.append('1元')
                else:
                    break
            if self.coin > 0:
                self.coin = 0
            for item in list(self.money_box):
                if item == "1元":
                    print("1 yuan coin number={}".format(total.count("1元")))
                elif item == "2元":
                    print("2 yuan coin number={}".format(total.count("2元")))
                elif item == "5元":
                    print("5 yuan coin number={}".format(total.count("5元")))
                elif item == "10元":
                    print("10 yuan coin number={}".format(total.count("10元")))

    # 查询商品
    def query_product(self):
        # 先将商品整理成可以排序的格式
        por_list = []
        for _,item in self.products.items():
            por_list.append(item)
        for index in range(len(por_list)-1):
            for key in  range(index+1,len(por_list)):
                if por_list[key]['count'] > por_list[index]['count']:
                    por_list[index],por_list[key] = por_list[key],por_list[index]
        for item in por_list:
            print(item['name'],end=' ')
            print(item['price'],end=' ')
            print(item['count'])
    
    # 查询钱盒
    def query_money(self):
        for _,v in self.money_box.items():
            print("{} yuan coin number={}".format(v['price'] ,v['count']))

    # 查询
    def query(self, cmd):
        if cmd == '0':
            self.query_product()
        if cmd == '1':
            self.query_money()
        else:
            print("E010:Parameter error")
    
    # 检查库存是否为空
    def check_is_product_empty(self):
        for _,v in self.products.items():
            if v['count'] != 0:
                return False
        return True

store = Store()
input = input()
cmd_list = input.split(';')
for cmd in cmd_list:
    if cmd.startswith('r'):
        # 初始化操作
        store.init(cmd[2:])
    elif cmd.startswith('p'):
        # 投币
        store.add_coins(cmd[2:])
    elif cmd.startswith('b'):
        # 购买
        store.buy(cmd[2:])
    elif cmd.startswith('c'):
        # 退币
        store.coin_out()
    elif cmd.startswith('q'):
        # 查询
        store.query(cmd[2:])